A phase II trial of low dose administration of 5-fluorouracil and cisplatin in patients with advanced and recurrent gastric cancer

The clinical efficacy of chemotherapy for patients with advanced gastric ca ncer has not been established. We investigated in a phase II study the comb ination chemotherapy of low dose 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) and cisplatin (low d ose FP) to evaluate its clinical efficacy in terms of response, quality of life and survival in 43 gastric cancer patients including 29 advanced and 1 4 recurrent cases. The administration of 5-FU was done by continuous intrav enous infusion for 28 consecutive days with a dose of 250 mg/m(2), while th e administration of cisplatin was done by 1-h intravenous drip-infusion for 5 consecutive days and 2-day intervals per week with a dose of 3.5 mg/m(2) , that was repeated for 4 weeks in one cycle. The response rate in advanced cases was 48.3%, evaluated in 14 cases of partial response (PR), whereas i ts response rate in recurrent cases was 35.7%, evaluated in 5 cases of PR. The most effective lesions for low dose FP chemotherapy were primary lesion and lymph node metastasis. The quality of life assessed by performance sta tus and oral intake was improved in 13.8% and 37.9% of advanced cases, and 21.4% and 28.6% of recurrent cases, respectively, as compared to those of p retreatment. The median survival time and 1-year survival rate were 6 month s, 21.6% in advanced cases and 10 months, 28.8% in recurrent cases, respect ively. The major adverse effect was observed in gastrointestinal toxicity a nd leukopenia, and the all toxicities were less than grade 2, that were con trolable during the treatment. These results indicated that the combination chemotherapy of low dose administration of 5-FU and cisplatin might have t herapeutic efficacy in tumor response and offer improvement in quality of l ife in patients with advanced and recurrent gastric cancer.