Diffuse sclerosing osteomyelitis may indicate the mandibular localisation o
f the SAPHO syndrome. Twelve patients with diffuse sclerosis of the mandibl
e were examined for symptoms of the SAPHO syndrome. Mne patients were found
to have primary chronic osteomyelitis and eight of these represented a SAP
HO syndrome. Results in this series support the hypothesis of an associatio
n between primary chronic osteomyelitis and the SAPHO syndrome.