Polyoxometalates for the study of active sites in catalytic transformations of organic substances

The article reviews original studies of the catalytic properties of heterop oly compounds with various compositions and structures in the liquid-phase acidic, and oxidative reactions of organic substances. The methods for hete ropoly compound synthesis using of electrodialysis, mechanochemistry, and r everse-osmotic membrane separation of ions are considered New methods for t he synthesis of soluble mono- and polynuclear complexes from transition met al ions (M) and PW11MO39n--based heteropoly compounds, and the preparation of metal coil olds stabilized by isopoly and heteropoly compounds are propo sed. The activity in acidic reactions is determined by the Bronsted acidity along with the structure of the heteropoly compound anion. The interaction between M and a heteropoly compound and the type of an additional ligand i n the coordination sphere of M play a critical role in hydrocarbon oxidatio n by oxygen donors (H2O2, t-BuOOH, and O-2/H-2 mixtures).