Acute necrotising encephalopathy of childhood after exanthema subitum outside Japan or Taiwan

Acute necrotising encephalopathy of childhood (ANE) is an uncommon disease which predominantly affects infants and young children living in Japan and Taiwan. A multifocal encephalopathy with symmetrical lesions in the thalamu s, tegmentum of the brain stem, cerebral periventricular white matter and c erebellar medulla is characteristic. We present the imaging features in a 4 -year-old Japanese boy who had been living in Germany for 2 1/2 years befor e presentation.