A comparison of osteopathic spinal manipulation with standard care for patients with low back pain

Background The effect of osteopathic manual therapy (i.e., spinal manipulat ion) in patients with chronic and subchronic back pain is largely unknown, and its use in such patients is controversial. Nevertheless, manual therapy is a frequently used method of treatment in this group of patients. Methods We performed a randomized, controlled trial that involved patients who had had back pain for at least three weeks but less than six months. We screened 1193 patients; 178 were found to be eligible and were randomly as signed to treatment groups; 23 of these patients subsequently dropped out o f the study. The patients were treated either with one or more standard med ical therapies (72 patients) or with osteopathic manual therapy (83 patient s). We used a variety of outcome measures, including scores on the Roland-M orris and Oswestry questionnaires, a visual-analogue pain scale, and measur ements of range of motion and straight-leg raising, to assess the results o f treatment over a 12-week period. Results Patients in both groups improved during the 12 weeks. There was no statistically significant difference between the two groups in any of the p rimary outcome measures. The osteopathic-treatment group required significa ntly less medication (analgesics, antiinflammatory agents, and muscle relax ants) (P<0.001) and used less physical therapy (0.2 percent vs. 2.6 percent , P<0.05). More than 90 percent of the patients in both groups were satisfi ed with their care. Conclusions Osteopathic manual care and standard medical care have similar clinical results in patients with subacute low back pain. However, the use of medication is greater with standard care. (N Engl J Med 1999;341:1426-31 .) (C)1999, Massachusetts Medical Society.