Laser manipulation of neutral atoms has been used to count individual krypt
on-85 and krypton-81 atoms present in a natural krypton gas sample with iso
topic abundances in the range of 10(-11) and 10(-13), respectively. This me
thod of isotope trace analysis is free of contamination from other isotopes
and elements and can be applied to several different isotope tracers for a
wide range of applications. The demonstrated detection efficiency is 1 x 1
0(-7). System improvements could increase the efficiency by many orders of
magnitude.