Estimating the synchronizing and damping torque coefficients using Kalman filtering

This paper presents an optimal approach for optimal estimation of the synch ronizing and damping torque coefficients of a synchronous machine using two -state linear Kalman filter. These coefficients can be used as indices whic h provide insight into the dynamic stability of power systems. The two coef ficients are calculated using the time responses of the changes in the roto r angle, rotor speed, and electromagnetic torque. The effect of system nois e on the performance of the Kalman filter is also investigated. The perform ance of Kalman filter is compared with the least-square error technique. Th e paper shows that the steady-state response of Kalman filter agrees with t he least-square solution. The paper shows that Kalman filter can be used as efficient tool for either on-line or off-line estimation of the synchroniz ing and damping torque coefficients. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science S.A. All rig hts reserved.