Multiple sclerosis - Side effects of interferon beta therapy and their management

Interferon beta (IFN beta) reduces the relapse rate, disease activity as me asured by serial MRI scanning, and disease progression of MS. Therapy with IFN beta may be associated with a number of adverse reactions. Relatively f requent side effects include flu-like symptoms, transient laboratory abnorm alities, menstrual disorders, and increased spasticity. Dermal injection si te reactions occur after subcutaneous application of IFN beta-1 beta and IF N beta-1a. Possible side effects of IFN beta include various autoimmune rea ctions, capillary leak syndrome, anaphylactic shock, thrombotic-thrombocyto penic purpura, insomnia, headache, alopecia, and depression. We discuss the mechanisms and management of the different side effects of IFN beta.