Analysis of laminar mixed convection in inclined semicircular ducts under buoyancy-assisted and -opposed conditions

Laminar, fully developed mixed convection in inclined semicircular ducts is investigated theoretically under buoyancy-assisted and buoyancy-opposed co nditions. A numerical, finite control volume approach was adopted in solvin g the governing equations, and results were obtained for the two limiting b oundary conditions HI and H2. These results include velocity and temperatur e distributions, a map for the onset of flow reversal, and data for the fri ction factor and Nusselt number. The results are presented with a detailed assessment of the effects of inclination, Reynolds number, Grashof number, and the thermal boundary conditions.