Heightened expectations for growth from internal technology suggest a requi
rement to improve the productivity of the "fuzzy front-end" of the innovati
on process. Its description as an organizational process should mesh with t
hat of product development, as characterized by "stage-gate" concurrent eng
ineering. With this in mind a "Front-End Innovation Process" (FEIP) was est
ablished, first at AlliedSignal and later at Alcoa. Both processes were des
igned to meet business objectives and be able to drive "game-changing," tec
hnology-based, breakthrough opportunities. Both were based on a "fast-failu
re" model, derived from lean manufacturing thinking Based on the experience
at Alcoa and AlliedSignal, it is concluded that the integration of custome
r needs, future market directions, and technology evolution, with a formal
idea generation process like FEIP, is achievable and increasingly necessary
.