Traumatic injuries of the extracranial portions of the cerebral arteries (c
arotid and vertebrals) are probably underdiagnosed. Although the majority o
f patients with these vascular injuries fare well with conservative treatme
nt, particularly anticoagulation, many of them have recurrent or progressiv
e neurologic symptoms that require intervention. Surgical reconstruction ha
s been performed in the past, but more recently, endovascular therapy is ga
ining popularity. Once a decision is made to undertake this form of treatme
nt, the care of the patient should become focused on the issues pertaining
to the injury and the intervention.