A case of hyperosmolar nonketotic coma occurring during chemotherapy usingcisplatin for gallbladder cancer

A 61 year-old woman was admitted to our hospital because of an abdominal tu mor. She was diagnosed with recurrent gallbladder cancer, and treated with cisplatin (CDDP). On day 6, after the Ist cycle of chemotherapy, she develo ped confusion and suddenly became comatose. She was diagnosed as having hyp erosmolar nonketotic coma (HNC) on day 7. She had no history of diabetes me llitus. She recovered from HNC after 3 days of treatment with continuous in fusion of 0.45% saline and moderate amounts of insulin. HNC may be a compli cation of CDDP chemotherapy in patients with malignancy. Early diagnosis an d appropriate treatment is necessary for HNC occurring during chemotherapy for malignant disease.