Endothelial cell transplantation into the corpus cavernosum: Moving towards cell-based gene therapy

Purpose: As a first step toward a cell based gene therapy for erectile dysf unction, we transplanted fluorescently labeled autologous microvessel endot helial cells (MVEC) into the rat corpus cavernosum. Materials and Methods: MVEC were isolated fr om the epididymal fat pad, lab eled with the membrane intercalating dye PKH 26, and injected into the corp us cavernosum. Two to 15 days aff;er transplantation the penises were remov ed, cryosectioned, and examined under epifluorescent and phase contrast mic roscopy. Results: In 7 consecutive animals transplanted fluorescent cells were ident ified in the corpora cavernosa. Bilateral distribution was noted in each an imal, and staining with ED1 determined that the fluorescence was not due to engulfment of the MVEC by phagocytic cells. Conclusion: Transplanted endothelial cells adhere and persist in the corpor al sinusoids and provide a rationale for cell-based gene therapy in the pen is.