Oxidation-limited component lifetime in turbines: adhesion of coatings andoxide scales

Three methods have been used to measure the adhesion of oxide scales and co atings on materials used in turbines. All three methods were suitable for o xide scales grown on 9- and 12-Cr steels, whereas for coated materials the methods were not universally applicable. The data generated by each method were not directly applicable to current predictive models for oxide scale f ailure. However, a route has been proposed that would allow future workers to correlate data obtained by testing with the input required by the modell ing approaches. This could be achieved by an extensive assessment of finite element modelling coupled with critical experiments.