Computerized radiographic texture measures for characterizing bone strength: A simulated clinical setup using femoral neck specimens

We are investigating computerized methods to ultimately characterize bone t rabecular pattern from clinical skeletal radiographs. In this paper, we pre sent a ''phantom" for potential use in the development and evaluation of co mputerized methods for characterizing radiographic trabecular patterns and ultimately bone strength. Femoral neck specimens were excised during total hip arthroplasties from subjects exhibiting a range of diseases. To mimic t he femoral neck in vivo, a "simulated clinical'' setup was implemented in w hich specimens were exposed under conditions that yielded radiographs simil ar in appearance to standard pelvis radiographs. Fourier-based and fractal- based texture measures were used in the computer analysis; including RMS va riation, first moment of the power spectrum, angular-dependent forms of the se measures, and fractal dimension. The texture measures obtained from the "simulated clinical" specimen films correlated modestly with those from dir ect exposure ''verification'' films of the specimens (r = 0.59-0.69; p <0.0 001). From our study, we conclude that the femoral neck specimen "phantoms" may be useful in the development and evaluation of computerized methods fo r analyzing bone trabecular patterns from skeletal radiographs. The use of a phantom that simulates the clinical radiographic examination allows for r epeat exposures without the concern of excessive radiation exposure to a pa tient. (C) 1999 American Association of Physicists in Medicine. [S0094-2405 (99)02511-0].