A case of acute intestinal anisakiasis has been reported; a nematode larva
being found in the submucosa of the ileum of a woman in Jaen (Spain). The s
our ce of infection was the ingestion of raw Engraulis encrasicholus. Oil t
he basis of its morphology, the worm has been identified as a fourth-stage
larva of Anisakis simplex. In Spain this is the ninth report of human anisa
kiasis and also probably the first case of anisakiasis caused by a fourth-s
tage larva of A. simplex.