Effects of caring, measurement, and time on miscarriage impact and women'swell-being

Background: Responses to miscarriage range from relief to devastation, yet there have been no randomized controlled studies that demonstrate significa nt effects of counseling with women who miscarry. Objective: To test the effects of caring-based counseling, measurement, and time on the integration of loss (miscarriage impact) and women's emotional well-being (moods and self-esteem) in the first year after miscarrying. Method: ANCOVA was used in this randomized, longitudinal Solomon four-group experimental investigation. Enrolled were 242; 185 completed. Outcomes inc luded: self-esteem overall emotional disturbance, anger, depression, anxiet y, confusion, overall miscarriage impact, personal significance, devastatin g event, lost baby, and isolated. Results: During the first year after loss (a) caring was effective in reduc ing overall emotional disturbance, anger, and depression; and (b) time pass ing led to increased self-esteem and decreased anxiety, depression, anger, confusion, and personal significance of loss. Conclusion: Caring, measurement, and time had some positive and significant effects on the integration of loss and enhancement of well-being in the fi rst year subsequent to miscarrying.