Acid-base abnormalities occur commonly in ruminants. The Henderson-Hasselba
lch equation(23, 24) and two physicochemical approaches, the strong ion mod
el(40) and the simplified strong ion model,(10) have been used to describe
acid-base balance in animals.(7-10) The purpose Of this review is to briefl
y describe and summarize the advantages and disadvantages of the three appr
oaches and to describe how the recently described simplified strong ion mod
el should be applied in the clinical treatment of acid-base disturbances in
ruminants.