While substantial and practical qualification for medical practice within t
he framework of emergency medical services have to be proven by an advanced
training, there are no special training programs for in-hospital emergency
situations. As in the emergency room a transparent in-hospital emergency m
anagement has to be established including definite competencies to avoid ti
me delays and inadequate treatment due to disputes about competence. Especi
ally surgical intensive care medicine is an interdisciplinary task, requiri
ng the participation of the surgeon as a responsible partner. Thus, the phy
sician working in ICUs needs professional qualification and specialized kno
wledge as well as marked competence to co-operate. In any case the final cl
inical responsibility has to be taken over by physicians who not only have
performed their internship on a ICU but are highly qualified in the whole r
ange of intensive care medicine including all topics required in advanced i
ntensive care medicine curricula.