New developments in integrated dike-pond agriculture-aquaculture in the Zhujiang Delta, China: Ecological implications

Dramatic environmental changes are occurring in the Zhujiang (Pearl River) Delta where dike-pond agriculture-aquaculture has been practiced for centur ies. After Deng Xiaoping's economic reforms, serious environmental degradat ion has triggered far-reaching alterations in the agroaquaculture structure , spatial pattern, and species variety especially in the municipalities of Shunde and Nanhai. Following the decline in the raising of traditional Chin ese carps in ponds in the late 1980s, the development of a more sophisticat ed and intensive monoculture has emerged. The market-oriented, high-valued monocultural systems, focusing primarily on expanding pond surface to raise production value per (pond) unit, tend to boost economic growth at the exp ense of ecological benefits. This study (1984-1994) was conducted to detect changes in the dike-pond areal ratio, and to raise questions about the sus tainability of the new monocultural systems.