Aminomethylene phosphonic acid-ceric ion redox systems for aqueous polymerization of vinyl monomers

Aminomethylene phosphonic acids, such as amino tri(methylene phosphonic aci d) (ATMP), 1-hydroxy-ethylidene-1,1-diphosphonic acid (HEDP), diethylene tr iamine penta(methylene phosphonic acid) (DTPMPA), N,N-di(methylene phosphon ic acid) ethanol amine (DMPEA), N,N-di(methylene phosphonic acid)-N-methyla mine (DMPAMA), N-oxo-N,N,N-tri(methylene phosphonic acid) (OTMPA), and eeri e ammonium nitrate odor systems are used for the polymerizations of acrylon itrile, vinyl acetate, acrylic acid and acrylamide. The effects of concentr ation of eerie ion and aminomethylene phosphonic acid on the yield and mole cular weight show that oxidative termination reaction becomes important at higher eerie concentration and considerable chain-transfer reaction occurs at higher ATMP concentration. The redox reaction in the complex: of eerie i on and ATMP forms a primary radical on an ATMP molecule, which in turn init iates polymerization to give polymer containing amino tri(methylene phospho nic acid) chain end. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.