The review article concentrates on diagnostic possibilities of hereditary m
otor sensory polyneuropathies based on genetic studies. It also reflects th
e actual discussion on the classification of inflammatory neuropathies, esp
ecially the acute axonal motor neuropathy (AMAN-syndrome). it shows the use
of i.v. immunoglobulines in disorders of the peripheral nervous system and
gives an overview about well known and new strategies of pharmacological t
reatment of painful neuropathies. Special emphasis is put on the future use
of human nerve growth factors.