Al. Craig et al., Dephosphorylation of p53 at Ser20 after cellular exposure to low levels ofnon-ionizing radiation, ONCOGENE, 18(46), 1999, pp. 6305-6312
Induction of the transactivation function of p53 after cellular irradiation
was studied under conditions in which upstream signaling events modulating
p53 activation were uncoupled from those regulating stabilization. This in
vestigation prompted the discovery of a novel radiation-responsive kinase p
athway targeting Ser20 that results in the masking of the DO-1 epitope in u
ndamaged cells. Unmasking of the DO-1 epitope via dephosphorylation occurs
in response to low doses of nonionizing radiation. Our data show that phosp
horylation at Ser20 reduces binding of the mdm2 protein, suggesting that a
function of the Ser20-kinase pathway may be to produce a stable pool of ina
ctive p53 in undamaged cells which can be readily activated after cellular
injury. Phospho-specific monoclonal antibodies were used to determine wheth
er the Ser20 signaling pathway is coupled to the Ser15 and Ser392 radiation
-responsive kinase pathways. These results demonstrated that: (1) dephospho
rylation at Ser20 is co-ordinated with an increased steady-state phosphoryl
ation at Ser392 after irradiation, without p53 protein stabilization, and (
2) stabilization of p53 protein can occur without Ser15 phosphorylation at
higher doses of radiation. These data show that the Ser20 and Ser392 phosph
orylation sites are both targeted by an integrated network of signaling pat
hways which is acutely sensitive to radiation injury.