Domain movement in gelsolin: A calcium-activated switch

The actin-binding protein gelsolin is involved in remodeling the actin cyto skeleton during growth-factor signaling, apoptosis, cytokinesis, and cell m ovement. Calcium-activated gelsolin severs and caps actin filaments, The 3. 4 angstrom x-ray structure of the carboxyl-terminal half of gelsolin (G4-G6 ) in complex with actin reveals the basis for gelsolin activation. Calcium binding induces a conformational rearrangement in which domain G6 is flippe d over and translated by about 40 angstroms relative to G4 and G5. The stru ctural reorganization tears apart the continuous beta sheet core of G4 and G6. This exposes the actin-binding site on G4, enabling severing and cappin g of actin filaments to proceed.