Selected projection methods to improve the convergence of non-linear problems

Short computation times required for the design and numerical optimisation of electromagnetic devices with the finite element method ave obtained usin g an adaptive mesh refinement algorithm. Less time is spent on the initial mesh generation, while the time needed for refinement is negligible when sp ecial data structures ave used. But an even more significant reduction in t otal computation time is achieved with the initialisation of the solution o n the generated mesh. Fewer Newton steps ave required to solve non-linear p roblems compared to a zero initial solution, while the time needed for the projection of the solution is far less than the time needed for a Newton st ep.