THE relationship between memory and rhythmic neural activity in the de
ntate gyrus was investigated by analyzing spontaneous dentate field po
tentials in rats performing either a working or reference memory task.
The baseline level of rhythmic theta activity was similar in both gro
ups. Following an initial negative potential in the sensory-evoked res
ponse, a resetting of the rhythmic activity which was time-locked to t
he stimulus onset was observed in rats performing the working memory t
ask, but not in rats performing the reference memory task. The results
suggest that the resetting of the theta rhythm by behaviorally-releva
nt stimuli may have an important role in working memory.