CYTOGENETIC AND MOLECULAR-CYTOGENETIC INVESTIGATION OF RETT-SYNDROME - ANALYSIS OF 31 CASES

RETT syndrome (RS) is a progressive encephalopathy restricted to the f emale sex. In the present study we investigated 30 females and one mal e with RS by cytogenetic and molecular-cytogenetic methods. We failed to identify any chromosomal rearangements within the female groups and no correlation between fra(X)(p22) and RS in either the female group or the male. The boy with RS has karyotype 46,XY/47,XXY with abnormal cell clone (47,XXY) in 6-12% of his lymphocytes (revealed by fluorecen ce in situ hybridization analysis (FISH) of interphase cells with chro mosome X-specific DNA probe). Our results indicated a possible connect ion between RS and X-chromosome replication disturbance. A late-replic ating X-chromosome with a specific banding pattern (type 'C') has been observed in RS patients only. We propose to analyse the X-chromosome replication pattern as a test for confirmation of RS at preclinical di agnosis.