Nonequilibrium Josephson effect in systems of tunnel superconducting junctions and in layered superconductors

This paper examines the time-dependent Josephson effect in systems of tunne l superconducting junctions and in layered superconductors (the intrinsic J osephson effect) with allowance for nonequilibrium superconductivity effect s. Kinetic and quasihydrodynamic equations are derived that describe self-c onsistently the dynamics of Josephson phases and nonequilibrium quasipartic les. It is found that the state of nonequilibrium between the layers leads to an effective mechanism of the interaction between interlayer Josephson j unctions, which can be used to synchronize the junctions. Current-voltage c haracteristics of chains of intrinsic junctions are obtained for different values of the parameters. (C) 1999 American Institute of Physics. [S1063-77 61(99)02211-8].