Endovascular management of ureteroarterial fistula

Ureteroarterial fistulas, although rare, appear to be increasing in frequen cy. Because open surgical repair may be difficult and associated with signi ficant risk for complications, endovascular intervention may provide an att ractive treatment alternative. We review the diagnosis and management of a ureteroarterial fistula and iliac pseudoaneurysm that presented with massiv e hematuria during ureteral stent removal. The patient was treated by means of the percutaneous embolization of the right hypogastric artery and place ment of an expanded polytetrafluoroethylene stent-graft. Endovascular stent -graft placement may serve as a safe and practical alternative in the treat ment of these patients, whose cases we challenging.