Deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism are frequently overlooked compl
ications. New non-invasive procedures offer the possibility of early, sensi
tive and specific diagnosis. Initially close monitoring and anticoagulation
with heparin is mandatory until pulmonary embolism can be ruled out. In se
vere pulmonary embolism thrombolytic therapy, either systemically or locall
y should be considered taking the entire individual clinical situation into
account.