Measuring line-up fairness

The fairness of line-ups and photospreads is a traditional concern of resea rch and policy development in the area of eyewitness identification. Quanti fication of fairness, the construction of fairness indices, and the develop ment of evaluation procedures started in the 1970s and continues to this da y. This paper reviews the historical development of the field as an introdu ction to the articles that follow. The entire set of articles addresses cur rent questions and raises new issues of measuring the fairness of identific ation procedures. Copyright (C) 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.