Effect of redox-active drugs on superoxide generation from nitric oxide synthases: Biological and toxicological implications

In this article, we address the mechanism of superoxide formation from cons titutive nitric oxide synthases (NOS). Merits and drawbacks of the various superoxide detection assays are reviewed. One of the most viable techniques for measuring superoxide from NOS is electron spin resonance (ESR) spin-tr apping using a novel phosphorylated spin trap. Implications of superoxide a nd peroxynitrite formation from NOS enzymes in cardiovascular and cerebrova scular disorders are discussed.