The effects of oscillating forces upon the flow of dental cements

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of oscillating forces upon the flow of five dental cements. A laboratory investigation was carried ou t using a crown and die. It showed that the application of oscillating forc es improved the flow of the tested dental cements when combined with low st atic loads and wide crown-die separations. The oscillating forces enhanced the late, particle-dominated phase of cement flow. Further investigations c haracterised the nature of the oscillating forces applied in this experimen t and revealed yield stress behaviour shown by one cement.