Serum copper concentrations in beef cows and heifers

Objective-To characterize serum copper status of cows and heifers in beef c ow-calf herds throughout the United States and to evaluate use of copper su pplements in those herds. Design-Cross-sectional survey. Animals-2,007 cows and heifers from 256 herds in 18 states, Procedures-Producers participating in a health and management survey conduc ted as part of the National Animal Health Monitoring System voluntarily all owed serum samples to be obtained from cows and heifers for determination o f copper concentration. Results were categorized as deficient, marginally deficient, or adequate. T he proportion of cattle and herds (on the basis of mean value of the tested cattle) in each category was determined, Copper concentrations were compar ed between herds that reportedly used copper supplements and those that did not. Results-Overall, 34 of 2,007 (1.7%) cows and heifers were deficient i n copper, and 781 (38.9%) were marginally deficient. In each region, at lea st a third of the cattle were deficient or marginally deficient. For herds, 92 of 256 (35.9%) were marginally deficient, and 22 (0.8%) were deficient. Approximately half of the producers reported use of copper supplements, bu t a sizeable proportion of those producers' cattle and herds were classifie d as marginally deficient or deficient. Conclusions and Clinical Relevance-Copper deficiency is not restricted to a single geographic region of the United States. Copper deficiency can persi st despite reported use of supplements by producers. Veterinarians dealing with beef cow-calf herds that have problems consistent with copper deficien cy should not rule out copper deficiency solely on the basis of geographic region or reported use of copper supplements for the herd.