The problem of image formation in extreme ultraviolet lithography from the
mask to the wafer is studied by physical modeling along with computer simul
ations. The reflective properties of multilayer mirrors and some of The dem
ands that they impose upon the optical system design for accurate replicati
on of mask patterns is discussed. Numerical aperture size effects in relati
on to the critical dimension at the wafer is presented along with several i
llustrative examples. (C) 1999 American Vacuum Society. [S0734-211X(99)1870
6-7].