Stroke is an important public health problem worldwide. Those at high risk
of stroke may be at high risk of cognitive impairment and dementia after st
roke. Modifiable cardiovascular risk factors in midlife including hypertens
ion, alcohol use, cigarette smoking, and certain dietary factors may be imp
ortant targets for prevention of vascular causes of cognitive impairment. T
hese same types of factors may also be associated with Alzheimer disease. B
etter control of cardiovascular disease risk factors might lead to delay or
prevention of vascular dementia and Alzheimer disease.