Glioblastoma multiforme in a case of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome: investigating a possible oncogenic influence of human immunodeficiency viruson glial cells - Case report and review of the literature

Malignant glioma is the most common primary brain neoplasm, but generally i t is not included in the differential diagnosis of enhancing lesions of the central nervous system (CNS) in patients suffering from acquired immunodef iciency syndrome. We report a case of glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) in a 29 -year-old man with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Primary CNS lymphoma was suspected, making a definitive histological diagnosis crucial. An init ial stereotactic biopsy sample was insufficient to establish a diagnosis an d a second biopsy of the lesion was obtained. The histopathological investi gation confirmed GEM and adjuvant external radiation treatment was given to the patient, who survived for 4 months after the initial biopsy. A decline in the rate of Toxoplasma infection and the changing diseases observed in HIV infection indicate the importance of obtaining a biopsy in cases of CNS mass lesions.