Reliable battery operation - a challenge for the battery management system

Advanced batteries, like lithium-ion batteries, are more sensitive in case of irregular operation than conventional batteries. Therefore, the operatio n of such batteries must be controlled by a management system. The features of a battery management system depend on the application, but in most case s, features like battery state determination, electrical management and saf ety management are necessary. This paper describes these functions of a bat tery management system. The use of a battery management system will lead to an increased lifetime and a safer operation of the battery. (C) 1999 Elsev ier Science S.A. All rights reserved.