Use of cancer screening practices by Hispanic women: Analyses by subgroup

Objectives. This study compares the use of three cancer screening practices (Pap smear, mammogram, and clinical breast examination) 3 years prior to i nterview among five subgroups of Hispanic women, and examines whether socio demographic; access; health behavior, perception, and knowledge; and accult uration factors predict screening practices for any subgroup. Methods. Descriptive and multiple logistic regression analyses were conduct ed with data pooled from the 1990 and 1992 National Health Interview Survey s on women who reported that they were Hispanic. The study sample includes 2,391 respondents: 668 Mexican-American, 537 Mexican, 332 Puerto Rican, 143 Cuban, and 711 other Hispanic women. Results. Subgroup profiles reveal differences in education, health insuranc e, use of English language, and screening use. Mexican women were the least likely to be screened with any procedure. Logistic regression results for each screening practice show that having a usual source of care was a posit ive predictor for obtaining each of the three screening practices within th e last 3 years. Being married, being more than 50 years of age, and having knowledge of breast self-examination were all predictors of having a Pap sm ear. Having health insurance and ever having had a clinical breast examinat ion and Pap smear were predictors of having a mammography, while age, knowl edge of breast self-examination, ever having had a Pap smear and mammogram, and being a nonsmoker all predicted having a clinical breast examination. Conclusions. We conclude that access factors and prior screening are more s trongly associated with current screening than are language and ethnic fact ors. Our data confirm that a disproportionate percentage of Hispanic women are low income and at risk of being underscreened. Our findings from a nati onally representative sample of Hispanics have implications for provider pr actices, ethnic-specific community interventions, and future development of measures and data collection approaches, (C) 1999 American Health Foundati on and Academic Press.