Neuropsychology's application to the study of biological basis of psycholog
ical processes is discussed. A.R. Luria's concept of neuropsychological fac
tors is set forth. The principal levels of neuropsychological factors' anal
ysis are presented and the notion of species-specific genetic mechanisms' a
nd genotypic programs' reflection in these factors is substantiated. The pe
rspectives of psychogenetic studies based on neuropsychology are outlined.