Synthesis and histamine H-3 receptor activity of 4-(n-alkyl)-1H-imidazolesand 4-(omega-phenylalkyl)-1H-imidazoles

The influence of lipophilic moieties attached to a 4-1H-imidazole ring on t he histamine H-3 receptor activity was systematically investigated. Series of 4-(n-alkyl)-1H-imidazoles and 4-(omega-phenylalkyl)-1H-imidazoles were p repared, with an alkyl chain varying from 2-9 methylene groups and from 1-9 methylene groups, respectively. The compounds were tested for their activi ty on the H-3 receptor under in vitro conditions. For the 4-(n-alkyl)-1H-im idazoles the activity is proportional to chain length, ranging from a pA(2) value of 6.3 +/- 0.2 for 4-(n-propyl)-1H-imidazoIe to a pA(2) value of 7.2 +/- 0.1 for 4-(n-decyl)-1H-imidazole. For the series 4-(omega-phenylalkyl) -4H-imidazoles an optimum in H-3 activity was found for the pentylene space r: 4-(omega-phenylpentyl)-1H-imidazole has a pA(2) value of 7.8 +/- 0.1. (C ) 1999 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.