Real-time generation and supervision of a dynamic restoration plan for bulk-power systems

This paper presents the utilization of a rule-based system to generate and implement a dynamic restoration plan during a total blackout in a bulk-powe r system. The governor response and ramp rate of each generator, system loa d regulation and the pick-up characteristic of individual loads are modeled . The calculated system frequency and the calculated total generation outpu t at each power station are compared with the real-time telemetry data. If the differences between the telemetry data and the calculated data exceed t he specified tolerance, the restoration plan will be updated and adjusted a ccordingly. By using the streamlined arrangement in the transmission networ k, the loading in each transmission circuit can be estimated and a complete load flow calculation is not required during the generation of the restora tion plan. Test cases were conducted and encouraging results were obtained. The developed rule-based restoration system can provide a complete restora tion plan within a very short time and it can also dynamically generate a n ew restoration plan at any time interval according to the real-time telemet ry data. (C) 2000 Elsevier Science S.A. All rights reserved.