Hepatitis C virus genotyping in relation to neuoncoprotein overexpression and the development of hepatocellular carcinoma

The distribution of hepatitis C virus (HCV) genotypes among Egyptian patien ts positive for anti-HCV was determined and their influence, when combined with neu-oncoprotein overexpression, on the development of hepatocellular c arcinoma (HCC) was examined, The study groups included asymptomatic carrier s (ASC) and patients with chronic active hepatitis (CAH) and HCC, HCV genom es were detected in the sera of 27 ASC, 29 CAH and 33 HCC patients known to have HCV infection defined by EIA and recombinant immunoblotting technique s (Inno-LiA) as well as by reverse transcriptase (RT)-PCR, The HCV genotype was determined by a reverse hybridisation technique (Inno-LiPA I and II), whereas neu-overexpression was detected by the Oncogene Science EIA Kit, Ei ghty-nine patients were eligible for HCV genotyping; 75 patients (84.3%) we re infected with a single genotype, including 1a in 11 patients (12.4%), 1b in 2 patients (2.2%) and 2a in 10 patients (11.2%), Genotype 4 (a or c+d) was detected in 51 patients (57.3%) and only one patient had genotype 10a ( 1.2%). Fourteen patients (15.7%) showed mixed infection; eight of them had 1a+4 (a or c+d) and four had 2a+4 (a or c+d); the remaining two cases had 1 a+2a and 1b+2a, The results revealed an increased incidence of genotype 4 i n CAH and HCC patients in comparison with ASC, There was also a significant overexpression of neu-oncoprotein in CAH and HCC patients compared with AS C, which was significantly associated with subtype 4 infection, The results suggest that infection with subtype la and 4 HCV may be considered a risk factor for the induction of neu-overexpression and subsequent development o f HCC.