Flexibility of lumbar spinal motion segments correlated to type of tears in the annulus fibrosus

Object. The authors conducted a study in which their objective was to measu re the effect of tears in the annulus fibrosus on the motions of lumbar spi nal motion segments. Methods. Lumbar spinal motion segments were harvested from human cadavers a nd studied using a 1.5-tesla magnetic resonance imager. The motion segments were subjected to incremental flexion, extension, rotation; and lateral be nding torques. Displacements and rotations were measured using a kinematic system. The segments were sectioned on a cryomicrotome to verify the presen ce of tears in the annulus fibrosus. Conclusions. Tears in the annulus fibrosus increase the amount of motion th at results from a torque applied to the motion segment. Radial and transver se tears of the annulus fibrosus have a greater effect on motions produced by an axial rotatory torque than on those produced by flexion, extension, o r later al bending torques. The difference between normal discs and discs w ith annular tears is more marked during moments of axial rotational than du ring those of flexion, extension, or lateral bending.