The essence of market orientation is the successful management of a relatio
nship between suppliers and customers. During the past 15 years, a body of
scholarship on antecedents and consequences of market orientation has emerg
ed. But what is the appropriate level of market orientation, and what happe
ns when customers and suppliers disagree about the appropriate level of a s
upplier's market orientation? To what extent does such disagreement concern
ing market orientation affect the customer-supplier relationship ? Do answe
rs to these questions vary by country? The authors examine these issues usi
ng data from a survey of leading Japanese and U.S. business firms and their
key customers that employed a unique matched supplier-customer sampling me
thodology. The authors report several interesting results.