Modeling of crazing using a cohesive surface methodology

A novel cohesive surface model for crazing in polymers is developed. The mo del incorporates the initiation, growth and breakdown of crazes based on mi cromechanical considerations. The initiation of crazes is controlled by the stress state, in particular by the hydrostatic stress and cohesive surface normal traction. The widening of a craze is based on a rate-dependent visc oplastic formulation and failure of the craze occurs when the fibrils reach a material-dependent maximum extension. Crazing is simulated using a high density of cohesive surfaces immersed in the continuum. The finite element method is used to discretize both cohesive surfaces and continuum separatel y. The capabilities of the method to describe multiple crazing is demonstra ted with an example. (C) 2000 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.