S. Hall et al., A principal components analysis of common stochastic trends in heterogeneous panel data: Some Monte Carlo evidence, OX B ECON S, 61, 1999, pp. 749
In this paper we propose a new approach based on principal components analy
sis to test for the number of common stochastic trends driving the nonstati
onary series in a panel data set. This test has the advantage that it is al
so consistent when there is a mixture of I(0) and I(1) series, making it un
necessary to pre-test the panel for unit root. Furthermore, the test solves
the problem of dimensionality encountered in large panel data sets.