How to deal with stress in organizations? a health perspective on theory and practice

This review is focused on organizational aspects of stress reduction. Theor etical models are presented. The association with a few health outcomes (ca rdiovascular disease, musculoskeletal disorders, and functional gastrointes tinal illness) is examined. A few examples of evaluations of health consequ ences of improved work organization are introduced. Realistic expectations are discussed against the background of etiologic fractions. Concepts like psychological demands, decision latitude, social support, and effort-reward balance or imbalance are discussed and related to practical reorganization al efforts.