Bovine respiratory disease: Commercial vaccines currently available in Canada

Bovine respiratory disease (BRD) remains a significant cost to both the bee f and dairy industries. In the United States, an estimated 640 million doll ars is lost annually due to BRD. Losses are largely a result of pneumonic p asteurellosis ("shipping fever"), enzootic pneumonia of calves, and atypica l interstitial pneumonia. In Canada, over 80% of the biologics licensed for use in cattle are against agents associated with BRD. The objectives of th is paper were (a) to summarize information available concerning commercial vaccines currently used in Canada for protection against BRD, and (b) to pr ovide an easily accessible resource for veterinary practitioners and resear chers. Information from the most recent Compendium of Veterinary Products h as been tabulated for each vaccine by trade name, according to vaccine type , and the pathogens against which they are designed to protect. Additional information from published articles (peer-reviewed and other) has been prov ided and referenced.