Three-dimensional numerical simulation of the deep-drawing process using solid finite elements

The main goal of this work is to present a three-dimensional mechanical mod el for the numerical simulation of the deep-drawing process. The model take s into account the large elastoplastic strains and rotations that occur in the deep-drawing process. Hill's orthotropic yield criteria with isotropic and kinematics hardening describes the anisotropic plastic properties of th e sheet. Coulomb's classical law models the frictional contact problem trea ted with an augmented Lagrangian approach. This method yields a mixed syste m where the final unknowns of the problem are static (frictional contact fo rces) and kinematic (displacements) variables. To solve this problem use is made of a fully implicit algorithm of Newton-Raphson type. Three-dimension al isoparametric finite elements with a selective reduced integration are u sed for the spatial discretization of the deformed body. The geometry of th e forming tools is modelled by Bezier surfaces. The numerical results of th e deep-drawing of a square cup are presented to focus their good agreement with the results of experiment. (C) 2000 Elsevier Science S.A. All rights r eserved.